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🔍 Comparative Clause Analysis: Clause 3.5 (1999) vs Clause 3.7 (2017) – Determinations
📒 Purpose of Clause 3.7 – FIDIC 2017
Clause 3.7 helps resolve disagreements or claims by encouraging mutual agreement first. If that fails, the Engineer acts as a neutral party to make a fair decision—quickly and clearly.
- ⚖️ Engineer must act neutrally (explicit requirement).
- 🕒 Time-bound: 42 days for agreement or determination.
- 📭 Deemed rejection if no response is issued in time.
- 📌 Notice of Dissatisfaction (NOD) within 28 days to challenge.
This clause ensures efficient internal resolution of claims or matters and prevents disputes from stalling progress. It builds fairness and trust by requiring Engineers to act as unbiased intermediaries.
📘 Purpose of Clause 3.5 – FIDIC 1999 (Old 3.7)
The Engineer consults both parties to resolve a disagreement. If they can’t agree, the Engineer makes a decision. It’s functional—but informal and open-ended.
- ⛔ No timeframes for resolution.
- ⚠️ No formal requirement for Engineer neutrality.
- 🌀 No structure for challenging or correcting determinations.
Without structure or deadlines, disputes could linger. Clause 3.5 left too much to the Engineer’s discretion, which sometimes caused delays, inconsistencies, or biased decisions.
🔹 FIDIC 1999 – Clause 3.5: Determinations
The Engineer was required to:
- 🗣️ Consult with both Parties to seek agreement
- ⚖️ If no agreement: make a “fair determination” in line with the Contract
📋 Key Characteristics:
- ⏳ No specific deadlines
- 📑 No procedural steps for consultation
- 📝 No formatting requirements for determinations
- 🧑⚖️ Neutrality was assumed but not explicit
Vague but flexible. Gave Engineers discretion—but that often felt skewed toward Employers.
🧠 Contractors often questioned neutrality since the Engineer was appointed and paid by the Employer.
🔸 FIDIC 2017 – Clause 3.7: Agreement or Determination
The new version introduced a structured, fairer process:
- 🤝 First step: Encourage agreement through consultation
- 📋 Introduced procedural timelines and steps
- ⚖️ Engineer must act neutrally between the Parties
“The Engineer shall act neutrally between the Parties and shall not be deemed to act for the Employer.”
✅ FIDIC finally codifies the idea of Engineer neutrality—giving more confidence to Contractors.
🔎 This isn’t just rewording—it’s a shift from flexible discretion to structured fairness.
📑 Clause 3.7 – FIDIC 1999 vs 2017
Purpose: Resolves disagreements between parties through Engineer-facilitated agreement or determination.
Feature | 📘 1999 Yellow Book | 📒 2017 Yellow Book |
---|---|---|
Engineer’s Neutrality | Not required to act neutrally | Must act neutrally |
Consultation First? | Optional | Mandatory |
Time Limit for Action | ❌ None | ✅ 42 days |
Deemed Rejection/Dispute | Not addressed | ✅ Built-in default rejection |
Effect of Determination | Binding unless disputed | Binding unless corrected or NOD filed |
Correction of Errors | ❌ Not addressed | ✅ Allowed (14 days) |
Partial Dissatisfaction | ❌ Not possible | ✅ Partial NODs allowed |
Use the 2017 structure as a blueprint when tailoring Particular Conditions under the 1999 edition.
🔸 FIDIC 2017 – Clause 3.7: Agreement or Determination
Fast forward to 2017, and we get a totally revamped version: Clause 3.7, titled Agreement or Determination. It’s not just a rewording — it’s a philosophical shift in how FIDIC wants parties to handle claims and disagreements.
Here’s the evolution:
💼 A New Ethos: Neutrality and Dialogue
“When carrying out his/her duties under this Sub-Clause, the Engineer shall act neutrally between the Parties and shall not be deemed to act for the Employer.”
This is big. It’s the first time FIDIC explicitly codifies the Engineer’s neutrality. This helps Contractors trust the process more and shifts the Engineer's role closer to that of a quasi-adjudicator.
🔁 Structured Two-Phase Process (FIDIC 2017 Clause 3.7)
1️⃣ Consultation Phase (Sub-Clause 3.7.1)
- The Engineer must actively facilitate discussion.
- Parties aim to reach consensus.
Notice of the Parties’ Agreement is signed & issued.
2️⃣ Determination Phase (Sub-Clause 3.7.2)
- The Engineer makes a fair, detailed determination.
- Must include: reasons, supporting data, and formal notice format.
Determination is binding (unless challenged by a NOD).
❓ Why Was This Upgrade Necessary?
Delays, scope creep, and blurred responsibilities create frequent disagreements. The 1999 model left too much to Engineer discretion, lacking structure and safeguards.
- ⏳ Time discipline (42-day cycles)
- 🧐 Procedural transparency (clear steps & documentation)
- ⚠️ Consequences if the Engineer doesn’t act in time
“If the Engineer does not give the Notice of determination within the relevant time limit... in the case of a Claim, the Engineer shall be deemed to have given a determination rejecting the Claim.”
🔔 Silence isn’t golden—it now counts as a rejection!
🌐 How Clause 3.7 Ties Into the Bigger Contract Picture
- 1.9 (Errors in Employer’s Requirements)
- 4.7.3 (Rectification measures)
- 13.3.1, 14.4, 15.6, and more
- All Claims under Clause 20 (Claims & Disputes)
Clause 3.7 (2017) is a checkpoint with a proper tollbooth.
You can’t move forward unless you’ve engaged in the process correctly!
2️⃣ Breakdown of Clause 3.7 – Agreement or Determination (FIDIC 2017)
- Engineer promptly starts consultation between Parties
- Engages both Parties (together or separately)
- Keeps written record of consultations (unless agreed otherwise)
- 🕰️ Timeline: 42 days (unless otherwise agreed)
- If agreement is reached: Engineer issues a Notice of the Parties’ Agreement (signed by both)
- If not: Move to Sub-Clause 3.7.2
- Engineer makes a fair determination based on the Contract, facts, and circumstances
- Issues a formal Notice of the Engineer’s Determination
- Notice must include detailed reasons, supporting particulars, and evidence
- Consultation period: 42 days from trigger point
- Determination period: If no agreement, Engineer has another 42 days to issue determination
- Trigger points vary by clause (e.g., start with notice/claim for Clause 20)
- If Engineer fails to respond:
- For Claims: deemed rejected
- Other matters: becomes a Dispute, eligible for DAAB referral
- Becomes binding unless challenged under Clause 21 or corrected for clerical errors (within 14 days)
- Engineer must issue a revised notice within 7 days of discovering/correcting error
- If money is involved, Contractor includes it in next Statement, Engineer in next Payment Certificate
- If dissatisfied, Party may issue Notice of Dissatisfaction (NOD) within 28 days (from determination, correction, or deemed rejection)
- Partial NODs allowed — you can dispute part, accept the rest
- If no NOD in time: determination is final and binding
- If a Party ignores a final determination: other can go straight to arbitration (Clause 21.6), skipping DAAB
🤝 Try to agree. 🧑⚖️ If not, Engineer decides. ⏱️ Timelines keep it moving. 📜 Outcomes must be reasoned and shared.
3️⃣ Key Interpretations & Implications of Clause 3.7 (FIDIC 2017)
- Must act neutrally—no longer an Employer’s “agent”.
- Neutrality is required in tone, behavior, and documentation.
- Challenge the Engineer’s decision by issuing a clearly-labeled NOD within 28 days.
- Partial dissatisfaction allowed: only challenge what you dispute; rest is binding.
- If not challenged in 28 days, the determination is final and binding.
- Clerical errors can be corrected within 14 days (revised notice in 7 days).
- If a Party ignores a final determination: other Party can proceed directly to arbitration—no DAAB required.
- 42 days to reach agreement or determine.
- 28 days for NOD if dissatisfied.
- If the Engineer misses the timeline: Claims are deemed rejected, others go to DAAB without NOD.
- Contractor must include determined amount in next Statement.
- Engineer must include in next Payment Certificate.
Document thoroughly, remain neutral, act promptly.
Track timelines carefully—missing a day may lose you leverage.
Build Clause 3.7 deadlines into project control systems (use shared calendars, alerts, dashboards).
Train your teams on compliant NODs—poor formatting can sink a dispute.
4️⃣ Cross-Referencing with Other Clauses: How Clause 3.7 Powers the Contract
- 1.9 – Errors in Employer’s Requirements
- 4.7.3 – Rectification measures, delay and/or Cost
- 10.2 – Taking Over of Parts of the Works
- 11.2 – Cost of Remedying Defects
- 13.3.1 – Variation by Instruction
- 13.5 – Daywork
- 14.4 – Schedule of Payments
- 14.5 – Plant and Materials Intended for the Works
- 14.6.3 – Modification of Interim Payment Certificates
- 15.3 – Valuation after Contractor’s Default Termination
- 15.6 – Valuation after Employer’s Convenience Termination
- 18.5 – Optional Termination due to Exceptional Events
When Clause 3.7 leads to a financial outcome:
– Contractor must include it in the next Statement (Clause 14.3)
– Engineer must include it in the next Payment Certificate (14.6.3)
💸 These are not just words—they drive real project cash flow.
- Every Claim (time, money, or relief) triggers Clause 3.7 when a full Claim is submitted.
- Engineer starts with consultation (3.7.1); if unresolved, issues a determination (3.7.2)—all within set timeframes.
- Failing to act? For Claims: deemed rejected. For others: eligible for DAAB, no NOD needed.
- Disagree? Party must serve a NOD (3.7.5) within 28 days.
- This opens the door to DAAB (21.4) or, if Engineer never decides, skips straight ahead.
- Formal dispute is only possible after the 3.7 process.
- Prevents unnecessary escalation and keeps the project moving.
🧠 Final Reflections: Why Cross-References Matter
Understanding the full web of references to Clause 3.7 is more than trivia — it’s essential to managing risk, time, and money on a FIDIC project.
✅ If you know when Clause 3.7 is triggered, you can:
- 🕒 Start your stopwatch on the 42-day cycle,
- 📎 Prepare your documentation and arguments,
- 📤 Anticipate the need for a NOD,
- ⚖️ Avoid procedural missteps that can derail a Claim or delay resolution.
📋 Clause 3.7 Decision Log Template
Ref. No. | Triggering Clause | Matter/Claim Description | 3.7.1 Consultation Start Date | Agreement Reached? (Y/N) | 3.7.2 Determination Due Date | Date Determination Issued | NOD Deadline (28 Days After) | NOD Issued? (Y/N) | Disputed Elements (if partial) |
Final Outcome | Notes/Follow-Up |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
001 | 13.3.1 | Variation Instruction – Additional Pipework | 10-Feb-2025 | N | 24-Mar-2025 | 22-Mar-2025 | 19-Apr-2025 | Y | Valuation only | DAAB Ref. 02 | Contractor disagreed with $ valuation |
002 | 20.2.4 | Claim for EOT due to late access | 15-Jan-2025 | Y | N/A | N/A | N/A | N/A | Agreed – 10 days EOT | Signed agreement notice issued | |
003 | 14.6.3 | Correction to Payment Certificate #8 | 01-Mar-2025 | N | 12-Apr-2025 | Not Issued | N/A | N/A | Entire matter | Dispute Initiated | Engineer missed deadline – matter escalated |
- Triggering Clause: From Sub-Clauses like 1.9, 4.7.3, 13.3.1, 20.2.4, etc.
- Consultation Start Date: Date the Engineer formally initiated 3.7.1 consultation.
- Determination Due Date: 42 days after consultation (or as required).
- NOD Deadline: 28 days after determination is issued or deemed rejected.
- Final Outcome: Note whether the issue was agreed, bound, escalated to DAAB, or moved to arbitration.
Clause 3.7 Decision Log — Project, Planner & Report
Consultation (e.g., 42d) → Determination (e.g., 42d) → NOD (28d). Add project details, track rows, export calendar & generate a detailed HTML report.
🏷️ Project Details
🧰 Standard Windows & Options
📊 Live KPIs
KPIs update from the rows below and your preset windows.
🗂️ Decision Log Rows
📚 Quick Reference — Keys
Key | Meaning | Notes |
---|---|---|
Consultation deadline | Trigger + Consultation days | 3.7.1 |
Determination due | Consultation deadline + Determination days | 3.7.2 |
Deemed event | Missed determination deadline | Claim → deemed rejection; Other Matters → dispute (3.7.3) |
NOD deadline | NOD start + NOD days | 3.7.5 |
📋 A. Cross-Reference Matrix – Where Clause 3.7 Applies
Sub-Clause | Title | Triggers 3.7? | Time Commencement Button |
---|---|---|---|
1.9 | Errors in the Employer’s Requirements | Yes | Yes |
4.7.3 | Rectification Measures, Delay and/or Cost | Yes | Yes |
10.2 | Taking Over of Parts of the Works | Yes | Yes |
11.2 | Cost of Remedying Defects | Yes | Yes |
13.3.1 | Variation by Instruction | Yes | Yes |
13.5 | Daywork | Yes | Yes |
14.4 | Schedule of Payments | Yes | Yes |
14.5 | Plant and Materials Intended for the Works | Yes | Yes |
14.6.3 | Correction/Modification of Interim Payment Certificates | Yes | Yes |
15.3 | Valuation after Termination for Contractor’s Default | Yes | Yes |
15.6 | Valuation after Employer’s Convenience Termination | Yes | Yes |
18.5 | Optional Termination (Exceptional Events) | Yes | Yes |
20.2.5 | Claims: Agreement or Determination after full submission | Yes (Claim-based triggers) | Yes |
🧩 What-If Scenarios: Putting Clause 3.7 into Action
For other matters: The issue is treated as a Dispute and can go to the DAAB without a NOD.
Track the 42-day Engineer window and 28-day NOD deadline like project milestones.
Don’t sit on your rights—delay can shut the door on your claims. Engineer silence triggers escalation, not stalling.
🚀 Use automated alerts in your contract system to avoid missed deadlines!
🛠 Suggestions for Clarity & Improvement: Making Clause 3.7 Even Stronger
- Does the Engineer have to disclose conflicts?
- Avoid ex parte (one-sided) communications?
- Maintain separate records of engagement?
“The Engineer shall act neutrally between the Parties, meaning the Engineer shall not have any undisclosed financial, professional, or personal interests in either Party and shall not engage in unilateral communication during any part of the Clause 3.7 process unless explicitly agreed by both Parties.”
📎 B. Format and Consistency of Notices – Standardize Them
– Determinations must be labeled “Notice of the Engineer’s Determination”.
– NODs must say “Notice of Dissatisfaction with the Engineer’s Determination”.
📊 C. Time Limits – Reinforce Them with Built-In Prompts
– Engineer: 42 days to issue a determination
– Parties: 28 days to submit a NOD
Missing these windows can make or break a dispute.
📂 D. Clarify “Partial Dissatisfaction” – Add Practical Examples
The Engineer determines the Contractor is entitled to a 10-day extension and $20,000.
The Contractor agrees with the 10 days, but disputes the amount.
✅ What happens?
The Contractor issues a NOD only for the $20,000 — and the 10 days becomes binding on both Parties.
📑 Suggested Modified Wording (Sub-Clause 3.7.5)
✅ Clause 3.7 Practical Checklists (FIDIC Yellow Book 2017)
1. Engineer’s Checklist – Agreement or Determination (3.7.1 & 3.7.2)
Step | Action Required | Reference | ✓ |
---|---|---|---|
1 | Identify trigger clause (e.g., 1.9, 13.3.1, or a Claim) | 3.7 opening | |
2 | Notify both Parties of intent to consult | 3.7.1 | |
3 | Begin consultation process within required timeframe | 3.7.1 | |
4 | Issue written record of consultation (unless waived) | 3.7.1 | |
5 | If agreement is reached, issue Notice of Agreement | 3.7.1 | |
6 | If no agreement, issue Notice of Determination within 42 days | 3.7.2 | |
7 | Include title, reasoning, and supporting documents | 3.7.2 | |
8 | Serve Notice to both Parties formally and simultaneously | 3.7.2 |
2. Party Checklist – Responding to Determination (3.7.5)
Step | Action Required | Reference | ✓ |
---|---|---|---|
1 | Record date of receiving Engineer’s Determination | 3.7.2 | |
2 | Review determination for satisfaction or disagreement | 3.7.5 | |
3 | Draft “Notice of Dissatisfaction with the Engineer’s Determination” | 3.7.5 | |
4 | Include reasons and indicate whether dissatisfaction is partial or total | 3.7.5 | |
5 | Submit NOD within 28 days to other Party and Engineer | 3.7.5 | |
6 | Retain proof of delivery for contractual record | Best Practice |
3. Deemed Rejection or Dispute Escalation Checklist
Step | Action Required | Trigger Clause | ✓ |
---|---|---|---|
1 | Monitor if Engineer failed to determine within 42 days | 3.7.3 | |
2 | For Claims: Treat as deemed rejected | 3.7.3(c) | |
3 | For other matters: Treat as Dispute (NOD not needed) | 3.7.3(a)-(b) | |
4 | Decide whether to refer to DAAB under Clause 21.4 | Clause 21.4 | |
5 | Prepare dispute file and chronology of 3.7 events | Best Practice |
4. Final & Binding Determination Enforcement Checklist
Step | Action Required | Reference | ✓ |
---|---|---|---|
1 | Confirm no NOD was issued within 28 days | 3.7.5 | |
2 | Mark the determination as final and binding | 3.7.5 | |
3 | Reflect determination value in next Statement (Contractor) | 14.3 | |
4 | Include it in next Interim Payment Certificate (Engineer) | 14.6.3 | |
5 | If one Party fails to comply, consider direct arbitration | 21.6 / 21.7 |
✉️ Sample Letters – Clause 3.7 (FIDIC Yellow Book 2017)
1. Engineer’s Notice of the Parties’ Agreement (3.7.1)
Subject: Notice of Agreement Between the Parties – Clause 3.7.1 Date: [Insert Date] Project: [Insert Project Name and Contract Number] To: [Employer Name] / [Contractor Name] Dear [Party Name], Pursuant to Sub-Clause 3.7.1 of the Contract, I confirm that the Parties have reached agreement on the matter referenced below: Matter: [e.g., EOT for Event XYZ / Evaluation of Variation under Clause 13.3.1] Agreed Outcome: [Summarize agreement terms, e.g., 12-day extension, or USD 45,000 payment] Date of Agreement: [Insert Date] This agreement is now binding in accordance with the provisions of the Contract. Please sign below to acknowledge receipt and acceptance. Yours sincerely, [Engineer’s Name] [Engineer’s Title] Acknowledged by Contractor: _____________________ Acknowledged by Employer: _____________________
2. Engineer’s Notice of Determination (3.7.2)
Subject: Notice of the Engineer’s Determination – Clause 3.7.2 Date: [Insert Date] Project: [Insert Project Name and Contract Number] To: [Employer and Contractor] Dear Sirs, In accordance with Sub-Clause 3.7.2 of the Contract, and following the consultation period under Sub-Clause 3.7.1, I hereby issue my determination regarding the following matter: Reference: [e.g., Contractor’s Claim dated DD/MM/YYYY] Background: [Summarize facts and reference clauses invoked] Determination: Entitlement: [Yes/No] Extension of Time: [e.g., 10 calendar days granted] Payment: [e.g., USD 20,000 payable under Clause 14.6] Reasoning: [Provide brief explanation of how determination was made — contractual basis, supporting documentation, etc.] Please note that under Sub-Clause 3.7.5, either Party may issue a Notice of Dissatisfaction within 28 days of receipt of this Notice should they wish to challenge this determination. Yours faithfully, [Engineer’s Name] [Engineer’s Firm]
3. Contractor’s Notice of Dissatisfaction (NOD) – 3.7.5
Subject: Notice of Dissatisfaction with the Engineer’s Determination – Clause 3.7.5 Date: [Insert Date] To: [Employer Name], cc: [Engineer Name] Dear Sirs, This is a Notice of Dissatisfaction with the Engineer’s Determination, issued in accordance with Sub-Clause 3.7.5 of the Contract. Reference: Engineer’s Determination dated [Insert Date] Matter: [e.g., Claim for Extension of Time related to XYZ Event] Grounds for Dissatisfaction: The Engineer has failed to account for delays attributable to [Event]. The monetary entitlement assessed does not reflect actual incurred costs supported by submitted records. This notice is issued within the 28-day time limit. We consider this matter a Dispute and intend to proceed under Sub-Clause 21.4. Yours sincerely, [Party Representative Name] [Position / Company Name]
4. Notification of Deemed Rejection – Engineer’s Inaction (3.7.3)
Subject: Notification of Deemed Rejection under Sub-Clause 3.7.3 Date: [Insert Date] To: [Engineer Name], cc: [Employer Name] Dear [Engineer], We refer to our fully detailed Claim dated [Insert Date], submitted in accordance with Sub-Clause 20.2.4. As of today, we note that the Engineer has not issued a determination within the time limit set out under Sub-Clause 3.7.3. In accordance with the Contract, the Claim is therefore deemed rejected, and the matter shall now be treated as a Dispute under Sub-Clause 21.4. We reserve our right to refer the matter to the Dispute Avoidance/Adjudication Board without further notice. Yours sincerely, [Party Representative Name] [Title / Company]
🧾 Clause 3.7 Cheat Sheet – Agreement or Determination (FIDIC Yellow Book 2017)
Step | Action | Clause Reference | Timeline |
---|---|---|---|
1️⃣ | Matter or Claim arises (referred to the Engineer under 3.7) | 3.7(a) list / Clause 20 | — |
2️⃣ | Engineer consults Parties to reach agreement | 3.7.1 | Up to 42 days to reach agreement (from referral) |
3️⃣ | If agreement is reached → Engineer issues Notice of Parties’ Agreement | 3.7.1 / 3.7.3 | Within the same 42 days |
4️⃣ | If no agreement → Engineer issues Determination | 3.7.2 / 3.7.3 | Within next 42 days (after the agreement window) |
Event | Deadline | Consequence of Miss |
---|---|---|
Consultation duration | 42 days | Proceed to determination window |
Engineer’s determination | 42 days (after consultation window) | Claim → deemed rejection |
Notice of Dissatisfaction (NOD) | 28 days from receipt (or deemed) of determination | Determination becomes final & binding |
Typo/Clerical/Arith. error correction | 14 days to report → Engineer has 7 days to issue corrected notice | Beyond that, original stands (unless revised via Clause 21) |
Scenario | Outcome | Clause |
---|---|---|
Engineer fails to determine a Claim in time | Claim is deemed rejected | 3.7.3 |
Engineer fails to determine a non-Claim matter in time | Becomes a Dispute → DAAB (21.4) | 3.7.3 |
NOD is not issued in time | Determination becomes final & binding | 3.7.5 |
Only part of the determination is disputed | Disputed part may go to DAAB; balance remains binding | 3.7.5 |
Party ignores binding determination | Other Party may proceed to enforcement/arbitration | 21.6 / 21.7 |
NOD is defective (e.g., vague, late) | May be invalid → determination stands | 3.7.5 |
Use the switch above to highlight Claim vs Matter outcomes.
- ✅ Clearly titled: “Notice of Dissatisfaction with the Engineer’s Determination”
- ✅ Includes specific reasons for dissatisfaction
- ✅ Issued within 28 days to both the other Party and the Engineer
- ✅ Can be partial, but must clearly state the disputed parts
- Clause 20.2.5 – Triggers 3.7 for Claims → Full Clause 20 explainer
- Clause 21.4 – Referral to DAAB after valid NOD → DAAB procedure guide
- Clause 21.6 – Enforcement / arbitration path → Arbitration & enforcement
- Clause 3.1 – Engineer’s duties & authority → Neutrality context
- Clause 3.3 – Instructions of the Engineer → Interplay with 3.7
- 3.7 – 1999 vs 2017 comparison → Comparative analysis
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Educational content; tailor to Particular Conditions. Not legal advice.
Suggested Redline of Clause 3.7 – Agreement or Determination (FIDIC 2017)
The Engineer shall ensure the Determination includes:
- A clear title: “Notice of the Engineer’s Determination”
- Reasoned analysis,
- Supporting contract references and factual evidence.
To support compliance, the Engineer shall notify both Parties no less than 7 days before the expiration of any time limit under this Sub-Clause, including consultation and determination periods.
Where only part of a matter or Claim is agreed or determined, the binding effect shall apply only to the agreed or undisputed portion, provided that the Notice of Dissatisfaction (if any) clearly identifies the disputed element(s). Any uncontested elements shall be treated as severable and final.
When performing duties under this Sub-Clause, the Engineer shall act neutrally, meaning:
- Avoiding any actual or perceived conflict of interest,
- Disclosing any prior engagements or relationships that could impair impartiality,
- Ensuring equal opportunity for both Parties to present facts or arguments during consultation.
- Refer to Sub-Clause 20.2.5 for Claim-based triggers.
- Refer to Sub-Clause 21.6 for enforcement of final determinations.
• Final NOD deadline (e.g., +28 days)
• Suggested reminder (e.g., −7 days)
📄 Quick Draft – NOD Template (click to expand)
Subject: Notice of Dissatisfaction with the Engineer’s Determination Contract: [Project / Contract No.] Reference: Sub-Clause 3.7 (FIDIC 2017) We refer to the Engineer’s determination dated [date] regarding [matter/Claim]. We are dissatisfied with the determination for the following reasons: 1) Scope of dissatisfaction: [Partial / Total] 2) Disputed element(s): [List items] 3) Contractual basis: [Sub-Clauses, e.g., 3.7.2, 3.7.3, etc.] 4) Factual basis: [Key facts, evidence] This notice is issued within 28 days of receipt/deemed issuance. A copy is being provided to the Engineer and to the other Party in accordance with the Contract. Signed: [Name, Position] [Party] Date: [____]
Severability tip: If only part is disputed, explicitly list what is not disputed; that portion becomes final and binding.
🎬 Sequence involving Clause 3.7
Step-by-step flow from consultation to DAAB/arbitration.
🧭 Clause 3.1 – Engineer’s Duties
Context for neutrality and delegated authority.
📜 Clause 3.3 – Instructions
How instructions interplay with determinations.
🧩 Clause 20 – Claims & Disputes
End-to-end overview of claims under 1999 vs 2017.
⚖️ DAAB Procedure (21.4)
Detailed route after an unresolved determination.
🏛️ Arbitration (20.6 vs 21.6)
When/how determinations become enforceable awards.
🛠️ Failure to Appoint DAAB
What if the board isn’t in place when you need it?
🔎 Clause 3.7 – 1999 vs 2017
Comparative framing to strengthen your redlines.
These are related articles on your site. None of the above links self-link to the current page.
This educational widget illustrates drafting options you may tailor to your Particular Conditions. It is not legal advice.